In a digital system, whenever a signal transition from 0 to 1 then to 0 occurs on an interconnect, the amount of energy consumed in charging and discharging an interconnection capacitance, C, is given by Energy, 
, where V is the voltage swing across the capacitor. The power consumed is the energy per transition, times the number of transitions per second, f, so Power, 
. As the capacitance is proportional to the interconnection length, the total power consumption is reduced because of the reduced parasitics [19]. For example, let us say that 10% of the system power consumption is dissipated in the interconnects when mounted on a PWB. If the product was implemented using MCM technology, the power consumption will be reduced by a factor of 5. Hence, the product would consume 8% less power than the PWB-based product. Furthermore, when such a product is implemented using 3D technology the saving will be much more because of the reduced interconnect length and the associated parasitics.